Like I said above. The room for improvement in mass battery manufacturing is massive and huge improvements are being made already. The market is in its infancy. The battery manufacturing process for the Nissan Leaf is notoriously bad so assuming all manufacturers are using the same process for manufacturing batteries is ridiculous. Additionally, multiplying emissions out based on non individualized numbers, then assuming that no improvements to supply chain and manufacturing processes will be made (which is already being proven untrue), is a huge red flag. Raw materials for batteries take on average 4 trips across the Atlantic before they are in useable form, all because they are relying on a legacy refining process that is in no way suitable for mass scale battery manufacturing. This is a large contributor to the pollution associated with the manufacturing process and already being rectified. Tesla has already begun the process to vertically integrate mining, and refining their raw materials. As for the battery manufacturing process, Tesla is already way above their competitors even without their new dry battery electrode manufacturing process, which will eliminate the need for harsh chemicals being cooked off in ovens. All this said the batteries are still able to be 95% recycled! This will cut future emissions massively, to not factor this in would be ridiculous. As for where the power is coming from, it does depend on the region but overall we are seeing a huge push to "cleaner" energy all over, as this improves so will the emission associated with charging the batteries. So to insinuate that EV's are going to be more harmful to the environment over time than traditional ICE vehicles is incredibly short sided.