Technically no because you can just use a browser version. So you won't have that great app expirience, but you will have a good expirience still Because Google kind of made all websites work on mobile is they want to show up on search results.

One issue you will encounter though is navigation. There are ways to add back Google app functionally so that you can use Google services again, but then it kind of defeats the whole purpose of the phone lol

On YouTube you can checkout a channel called techlore (I think) the guy has video breakdown of the entire Google free lifestyle