Mesopotamia is in Iraq. Sub-Saharan Africa had kingdoms that were very powerful but those Kingdoms were few, and they aren't complex civilizations especially when You compare them to Mayans in North America or East Asians or Europe or North Africa/Arabia, etc.
Was there ever prosperity there, ir did all the industrious people migrate/conquer more fertile lands.
It is said that Mesopotamia was prosperous, obviously not if You were a slave.
Mesopotamia is in Iraq. Sub-Saharan Africa had kingdoms that were very powerful but those Kingdoms were few, and they aren't complex civilizations especially when You compare them to Mayans in North America or East Asians or Europe or North Africa/Arabia, etc.
we can always compare the relative intelligence of civilizations.
I think the point of this dialog is that there is always a superior segment of every population that can build civilizations and create culture.
Maybe in the barren shitholes of the world, that creator segment has long left shanty town for greener pastures.