Ignore all the news stories including Breitbart (smh)... saying that Floyd had coronavirus. True he did, but it's a side story.
Allow me to break this down for you. First... let's talk numbers and nomenclature.
-Analgesia = pain control. You're awake, breathing, and feeling fine.
-Anesthesia = You are unconscious. Usually, your brain is not telling you to breath either, so you need to be ventilated. This is usually done with a ventilator, bag mask, or mouth to mouth resuscitation.
Fentanyl Plasma Levels for...
Analgesia = 1-2 ng/mL
Anesthesia = 10-20 ng/mL
Floyd's plasma level was 11 ng/mL. That's not subjective. It's a lab report. It's not an arguable point. It was drawn at the hospital some time after the arrest video.
Here's likely what happened and why.
At some point during the police interaction, or just prior, he ate his stash of fentanyl. He did not inject it... because the almost instantaneous peak plasma level would have lead to instant death (by 'cardiopulmonary arrest'). He would have been found slumped over the steering wheel.
However... if Floyd INGESTed fentanyl... the blood level slowly increases... peaking somewhere between 50 to 150 minutes.
So initially... he's fine. 1-2 ng/mL ... he's not complaining about those tight cuffs anymore. His shoulder doesn't hurt. He's actually starting to act a little euphoric. Some time passes.
5 ng/mL... suspect is becoming drowsy. Still talking. Still breathing.
Little bit later... uh oh... we're now approaching ANESTHESIA levels of fentanyl in the blood. He's not responding anymore. Shallow breathing and there is still a pulse.
Levels still increasing. Now at 11 ng/mL. He's not responding and just stopped breathing. FUCK. Now his heart starts tweaking out because of lack of oxygen. 30 secs later, heart stops completely. Cardiopulmonary arrest.
Note that the blood is no longer pumping, so the fentanyl level in the blood should remain relatively unchanged. It's no longer being broken down by the liver, or being absorbed from the bowel (both of which require blood to be moving).
When his blood level of fentanyl hit anesthesia levels. He died. His blood level came back as 11 ng/mL. The anesthesia dosage is 10-20 ng/mL. Case closed. The knee to the back of the neck had nothing to do with it. Not that any of this matters anymore, who is George Floyd anyway?
I think You need to also add the norfentanyl and 4-anpp amounts as those are also opiates.
Norfentanyl is a breakdown product from the fentanyl. The liver made that from the fentanyl. Ignore it. The other opiates are not really the issue here either. It's like the coronavirus and the knee to the neck... non-contributory.
Not so sure about that... norfentanyl still has opiate properties was the impression i had.
Norfentanyl is an opioid analgesic.
Yes, but it's like saying the house is on fire... but don't forget about the smoke. The smoke is the result of the fire. The norfentanyl is only there because of the fentanyl. I'm not saying norfentanyl doesn't have any effect. It's just all under the heading of fentanyl. When you take fentanyl, you're also going to be taking nor-fentanyl.
The only reason it's included (i think) is because it can show time frame. Ie... there is no fentanyl on board... but we can see the breakdown products of it (nor-fentanyl).
Thats also the reason why continine is on the drug screen. It's a breakdown product of nicotine. So while the nicotine may be long gone, the continine remains as a surrogate marker.
You can take norfentanyl by itself, it does infact have similar effect.
Your smoke analogy is wrong.
When you eat thc your liver turns it into more powerful version of thc.
When people consume cocaine and alcohol it metabolites into something specific that effects on top of just the cocaine.
5.6 and 0.6